Surveying instrument



p 6, -2- L. SUVERKROP 1,875,830

SURVEYING INSTRUMENT Filed Dec. 5, 1929 Patented Sept. 6, 1932 i Wm S -TS LEW sUVnRKRoP, or, BAKERSFIELD, CALIFORNIA ,snravnyme INSTR EE T p aplicati n filed net-ember 5,1929. Serial no. 4i'1',722e,

This invention relates'especiall-y'to certain The-p1ate=mayhave-means-for--attachment improvements in surveying instruments'and toadacob s staffs-or li-kesupport. The axis more particularly of' thecharacter of 'a' of;the plate 5 is p-referably'the same ast-hetheodolite, including the class knownas hand axis of thecasel andthespindle 7'isifi1ed- 6 transits or compasses, and itis an object tothe plate 5- in this- 'axisw A-transparentr of the invention to provideanovelinstrument disc 8 and magnetic compass need-1e '9'- are-* of thissort whereby horizontal and vertical mounted on-a;; staff" 10 whichrests-on the-= angles may be quic ly and accurately deterspindle 7The-lower; end of the stafi K10 mined. A 'is-made to receive the'upperend of theclutch'.

10 A further object of the invention is to compiece '11- which isfree-to-sl-idealong the bine the plate circle and-compasscircle' of spindle?but whiCh isfixed against-turning this class of instruments, therebyeffectinga" by thearm l2 held-by thepin 'l3 n-iounted-in simplified andcompact construction by the-plate5. The clutch: piece-11 is actuated/means of which onemay either turnoff horialong thespindle7thr0ugh-thearm-l4s by z'ontal angles or determine magnetic bearings.the pin 15 moved either by-thefingerdirect Afurther object of theinvention is to bring or iretained imposition by the slide 16; Theintothe line of sight of the observer-onan upper end of the staifLIOismade' to be-re='- object a View of the object, the horizontalceivediwithin the bowl-shaped lower'end"of angle or bearing reading, andthe level by the centering. bearing 17 which is free to means of whichthe observer-'may know when rotate about the shoulder:screw 18.-The'axis the vertical axis of the instrumentis vertiof the shoulderscrew18 is the same as that' cal. i a i 1 of the spindle 7. Having itsaXisinline'- -A; further object of the instrument is to with thetube! 3 is thelevel l9sfixed to=th1e provide a simple and compact device for" case 1..A. transparent-'vernier:piece: 20 is:

ml and vertical angles, which may b-e atdegrees and thetransparentvvernier plate -20 tached to a telescope, binocular'sor otheris marked to correspond thereto AwindoW- sighting device, thecombination of which 21 permits light to enterthe cases 1 forms a usefulinstrument ofthe class named. The tube 3 is fitted.- with an. adjustableOther advantages and=objectswill be-apdeclination ring22, aifixed'declinationer parent from the following description when nier. 23,.a-nd,afixed holding plate/24. Both taken in connection with the accompanyingthedeclination ring 22andthe holdingplate drawing, in which: i i24:have-slots toreceivethe single tooth 25{ 3 Figure lis a verticalsection through the which is onthehead-el. The-tooth 25 fits into iFigure 2- is a side elevation ofthe instru-,--- strument i'sfolded. Thetooth 25fits into the mentwhenopened and ready for'use. slot in thedeclinationuring'22xwheni the in-. Figure 3 is an elevation'showing theeye-- strumentis opened :for -use,-.the-declinationY piece end of theinstrument when opened I ring having been adjusted against the Vernierready for use. a I w a 23so thata sight through the instrumentawill-Figure 4 is an enlarged cross-sectiona-l be referred to ;a' truenOrthQrather than-mag viewzof the spindle and related parts 'ofthe neticnorth. j Q instrument. I i j j i P The head 4ccarriesthe,ring263which.re-= As disclosed in theaccompanyingdrawing,'tains the. verticalcircle 27 whoseperifery v "numeral 1: indicates acaseformingthe body meets a Vernier 28Tformed' by a projection on 5 ofthe instrument which is fitted with a cover the head 4;. Theverticalcircle 27 is free. to 2.; The cover 2 has a hollow proj ectingtube' turnabout on the head at and holds thesight- 3s, The head lismountedsothatit may be ing tube 29and the prism OrJmi'rrO r'BOQ Ormovedonthe tube'3. At 'the'bottom' 'ofthe dinary telescope lenses and reticules, may becase .1 is a plate 5-retained by the-'ring 6'.; mounted'within'thesight/tube 29; A'second 100 5i quickly and accurately'd'etermininghorizonfitted to the case. The. disc 8 is marked with instrument in itsfolded position. theslot-in the holding plate 24 whentheiriprism 31 ismounted in the head 4. By means of these prisms or mirrors, 30 and 31, aview of the compass disc 8 and level 19 may be had by the eye placed atthe sight tube 29,

regardless of the position of the head 4 around the vertical axis of thetube 3 or the sight tube 29 around the horizontal axis of the head 4..The tube 3 may be fitted with lenses. to facilitate viewing the disc .8and level 19.

Mounting lugs 32 may be fitted for apply ing the instrument to'aseparate telescope or pair of binoculars as indicated at 33 in whichcase the sight tube mirror or prism 30 may extend across the entire tube29. I V I To open the instrument foru'se',the head 4: is moved upwardwith respect to the case 1 so thatthe tooth 25 disengages the slot inthe holding plate 24:. The head is then turned on the tube 3 andthetooth 25 is brought into. engagement with the slot in the"declination ring 22. In taking a sight, the

- sight tube 29 is held in the right hand and slide 16 is moved so as tobring the clutch piecethe case 1 is held in the left hand, while the eyeis placed at the sight-tube. The sight tube 29 is brought to bear on theobject and the case'l is moved until the observer sees by the level 19that the vertical axis of the instrument is vertical. The, azimuth ofthe line of sight may then be read while the instrument is held inposition. Tof'turn an angle, the

11 into engagement with the spindle 10, push ing the latter into thecentering bearing l'l. The instrument is then mounted on a J acobs stallor othersupport at the plateb. The

instrumentis leveled, the sight taken and the Patent is I v v .1. In aninstrument-of the class described,"

have described'what I now believe to; be the preferred embodiments ofthe invention; but

inasmuch as various minor changes may be made in the details ofconstruction without departingfrom the-spirit of the invention, it

' is intended that all such changes be included within the scope of theappended claims.

Having fully described my invention, what I claimas new and desire tosecure by Letters asight tube, a casing containing acompass and level,means for connecting said sight tube and casing comprising a straightvertical hollowtube,"fastened to said casing at one end and an opticalsystem located at the other end ofsaid hollow tube for producing andtransmitting images of said compass and level to said sight tube. l

2. In an instrument of the class described,

graduated circle on said sight tube a casing containing a level, meansfor admitting light into said casing, ahollow tube connected to saidcasing directly over the level and extending upwardly therefrom, a sighting tube for viewing a distant object pivotally connected to the top ofsaid tube on a horizontal axis, said hollow tube being in. ocularcommunication vwith said'sight tube and means including a prism at thetop of said hollow tube for producing and transmitting images ofsaidlevel to the held of view of the observer while viewing an object.

which said pivotal connection includes a and a Vernier on said'hollowtube. y

4. An instrument according to-claim 2 in which said casing is closedexcept within the area of the hollow tube and-in which a win dow isprovided in said casing. V r

5. An instrument according to claim 2 in which said casing alsocontainsa graduated disc and means on the bottom of said casing for fastening itto a Jacobs stain" or like support. I I

6'. An instrument according to claim 2 in which there is also acompasswithin said casing, andpositioned so that it can be read,simultaneously with the, level. i

7 An instrument according-to. claim2 in which said casing also containsa compass card formed of transparent materiaLa-nd card. v, 8. Aninstrument of the class described comprising a casing containinglacompass and V a level, a hollow tube connected to said casing directlyover said level and extending upwardly therefrom, a sighting tube, forview ing a distant object, pivotally. connected to the top of said tubeon a vertical axis and meansv including a prism at the top of saidhollow tube for producing and transmitting images of said compass andlevel to the field otview of the observer while viewing an ob ect.

9. In an instrument of the class described,

a telescope, a sighting tube connected in parallel relation to saidtelescope, a compassand level mounted'in a casing and connected to saidsighting tube by means of a hollow tube,

and means including a .prism at the top of said tube for producing andtransmitting images of said compass and level to the field of view of anobserver using said sighting tube.

10. In an instrument of the classdescribed a casing containing a compassand level, a sighting tube, a short hollow tube extending from one sideof said sighting tube, a longer hollow tube extending at right angles tosaid short tube, one end of said-longer tube being connected to, saidcasing,saidshort and longer tubes being adapted to receive the raysretlected by the compass and level, and means including a. prism betweensaid short and 3: An instrument according to claim 2 in ;said level isdisposed, below said compass longer tubes for projectingthe rays oflight from the compass and level through the ocular tube.

11. An instrument according to claim 10 in which said prism is mountedto turn with respect to said longer tube on a vertical axis and to turnwith respect to said short tube on a horizontal axis.

12. An instrument of the class described, comprising in combination acasing having a level therein, a tube securedto said casing, a sightingtube, means for movably connecting said sighting tube to the end of saidfirst tube comprising a head pivotally connected to said first tube torotate on the axis of said first tube and pivotally connected to saidsighting tube to rotate on an axis at right angles to said firstmentioned axis, and means for producing and transmitting images of thelevel to the field of view of the observer while viewing an object thrusaid sighting tube.

13. An instrument according to claim 12 in which said last mentionedmeans includes a prism at the end of said first tube and a second prismwithin said sighting tube.

14. An instrument according to claim 12 in which said first tube has anadjustable declination ring and a fixed holding ring, both said ringshaving slots, a tooth on said head receivable in either slot at will.

15. In an instrument of the class described, a casing containing acompass and level, a sight tube and means for simultaneously pro ducingand transmitting images of said compass and level to the eye of anobserver at said sight tube comprising a hollow tube mounted at one endon said casing at right angles to the compass and in a plane parallel tothe plane of the sight tube and connected at its other end to said sighttube.

16. An instrument of the class described comprising a closed casing, acompass and level enclosed in said casing, a hollow tube connected tosaid casing and a sighting tube for viewing a distant object connectedto said hollow tube, and means in both said tubes for producing andtransmitting images of said compass and level to the field of view ofthe observer while viewing an object.

LEW SUVERKROP.

